this is the purported 'hadith' 'written by' imam ahmad according to irfan shah.
View attachment 8187
look at the chain:
narrated to us
1) hasan (ibn ali basri) d.319 AH (says)-> narrated to us
2) ahmad ibn miqdam al-ijli d.253 AH -> narrated to us
3) fuDayl ibn iyad d.186 AH -> narrated to us
4) thawr ibn yazid d. 153 AH -> narrated to us
5) khalid ibn ma'adan d.103 AH > narrated to us
6) zaadhan d. 82 AH -> from
7) salman (al-farisi) d. 35 AH (also said to have passed away in khilafah of sayyiduna umar)
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tahdhib, #136
ahmad ibn muhammad ibn yahya ibn sayid al-qattan; abu sayid al-basri. he passed away in 250AH or 257AH.
ahmad ibn miqdam is a contemporary of imam ahmad and in the biographical notices i have seen in tahdhib, siyar, mizan, tazkiratu'l huffaz etc neither is listed as having narrated from the other. especially those who narrate from imam ahmad and those from whom he narrates. even in tabaqat al-hanabilah.
while it is chronologically possible, it is highly implausible that imam ahmad would narrate from a student of one of his contemporaries!
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thawr ibn yazid and khalid ibn ma'adan are from hims in syria.
but did fuDayl narrate from thawr? in fact, abu nuaym in Hilyah has a narration :
View attachment 8190
in which is the chain:
fuDayl ibn iyad (says) narrated to us:
thawr ibn yazid from
khalid ibn ma'dan.
and abu nuaym says:
"i do not know of ANY OTHER narration in which fuDayl narrates from levantine/shami narrators"
so there is a third question mark on this chain
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thawr narrating from khalid is well-known, but did khalid narrate from zaadhaan?
khalid is not mentioned in zaadhaan's list of "who narrate from him"
NOR in zaadhaan in khalid's "whom he narrates from".
and curiously, except for this ONE heavily discredited chain, i could not find any other narration where khalid narrates from zaadhan. if someone can find it please do add it here.
as one can see, marks of a shoddy fabrication are all over the chain. as for the matn/text, it is another story.
wAllahu a'alam.