The survival of the strong Sunni Sufi identity in Turkey has real reasons behind it established on ground. It is not sheer luck! Anatolia is very hard to purge. It is huge. Konya is an immovable city and so are Erzinjan, Erzurum, Diyarbakir etc. But isn't it the case that the Sunni Arabs have mighty historic Baghdad and Damascus and Tarim etc, then what happened to them? Tarim is under Salafis, Baghdad under Twelvers, Damascus under Nusayris. To answer the question, an observation of Egypt and Sudan and Morocco in contrast would help. What is required is a living civilization!, a Sunni civilization, and sense of belonging, not the local tribal family or confederation. Similarly, Afghanistan is immovable, Bukhara is immovable, and so is Ajmer, Data Darbar, Gesu Daraz and Multan etc.
The Turks have a saying that in the age before modern times ALlah created two Empires for the protection of Sunnis. One, the Ottomans, and the other is the Gorgaanis (reference to the Uzbeks/Turkmens ancestors of the Mughal Aurangzeb). Ala Hazrat is the inheritor of the virsa that Central Asia (Bukhara/Samarqand), Afghanistan, Western China, Pakistan, and India have produced. He is such a waris. I hope you understand the meaning of this claim. He did not bring a new movement, but a direction for the Muslims of the Sub Continent, at least, to revive themselves and leave the sudden perils that had emerged quietly and are plaguing them to this day. That is why he fought vocally and with the pen. Reading his works, one sees this historical background emanating. Honestly, no Sunni nation produces such gatherings of Sunnis except for Turkey and the Muslims of Pakistan and India. Its my estimation that these two groups of Muslims constitute half the world's Sunni population today. Both the populations have their origins in Bukhara and Samarqand. They were created among non-Muslim societies including christians of Asia Minor and hindus of the indian subcontinent. It is these inheritors that still possess the ghayrah and fear of Allah. While Central Asia does as well, but the originators in Iran and the Arab World have largely abandoned Sunnism, generally speaking, opting for not just the usual neo-sectarianism that we know of but the zeal for being Sunni. It stems from their lack of participation in Tasawwuf once widespread a couple of centuries ago.